1. What is happening in the first phase of cell cycle?
2. Explain how the cell prepares itself in the G0 phase?
3. Describe what will happen if cell doesn’t undergo the S phase?
4. Describe what is happening in the M phase of cell cycle?
5. What is happening to the cell in G2 phase?
6. Why cell needs to undergo this different kind of cycle?
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Answer:
1. In the first phase of the cell cycle, the G1 phase, the cell grows in size by producing new proteins and other cellular components through a process called translational control. The cell also prepares for division by duplicating its chromosomes.
2. In the G0 phase, cells stop dividing and enter a state of stasis. This is a time for the cell to repair damage to its DNA that may have occurred during DNA replication. Cells enter the G0 phase when they are terminally differentiated and have completed their growth cycle, such as cells in muscle tissue or bone tissue.
3. If a cell doesn't undergo the S phase, it won't produce new DNA or replicate its chromosomes. This can lead to a loss of genetic material over time, which can cause genetic disorders and cancer.
4. In the M phase of the cell cycle, also known as mitosis, the cell divides its genetic material equally into two daughter cells. This phase involves the separation of sister chromatids, the assembly of the mitotic spindle, and the separation of the two daughter nuclei.
5. In the G2 phase, the cell continues to grow and prepare for mitosis by producing new proteins and other cellular components. It also checks the DNA for any damage or errors, and corrects them if necessary.
6. The cell cycle is a series of consecutive phases that occurs in virtually all cells, regulating the growth, division, and differentiation of cells. This regulated process is important for proper functioning of cells within the body, and ensures that cells divide evenly and correctly. The cell cycle also plays an important role in the development of new tissues, organs, and organisms.