18 parts of the cell and their funtion
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Answer:
18 plants
Explanation:
the 18 plants a day or two of them are you feeling today ok
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Answer:
The Nucleus
The nucleus is the control center of the cell and houses all of the cell’s genetic information. Usually, a cell has a single nucleus that contains all of its DNA molecules, but some (such as skeletal muscle cells) have more than one nucleus.
Ribosomes
The DNA molecules housed in the nucleus also contain blueprints for all of the proteins produced by a cell. These blueprints are ‘read’ and interpreted by ribosomes, which are the site of protein production in plant and animal cells. Ribosomes produce proteins by assembling amino acid sequences according to the instructions contained in the genetic code. The resulting polypeptide chains are then folded into specific primary, tertiary, or quaternary 3D structures by other cell organelles.
Mitochondria
Cells need energy to power their biochemical reactions, and most of that energy is released by mitochondria. Mitochondria are the site of respiration and the ‘powerhouses’ of cells, pumping out energy which is then stored in ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP molecules are the energy currency of cells and are used to fuel all the other activities of the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes inside a cell, and its main functions are to process and transport new materials. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum; the rough ER, and the smooth ER.
Golgi Apparatus
Once newly-synthesized substances have left the ER, they are sent to the Golgi apparatus. This is a series of flatted, membrane-bound sacs that packages and distributes substances to the outer cell membrane, where they either become part of the lipid bilayer or leave the cell.
Lysosomes
Lysosomes are small, spherical organelles that are packed full of digestive enzymes. Their key function is to break down and recycle unwanted material for the cell, such as old cell parts or invading bacteria and viruses. Lysosomes also play an important role in apoptosis
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance that fills the interior space of cells. It is mainly composed of water, but also contains salts, enzymes, and other organic molecules. The cytoplasm surrounds and protects the organelles of the cell and is where many cellular processes (such as protein synthesis and glycolysis) take place
The Cell Membrane (AKA The Plasma Membrane)
All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane, which consists of a semipermeable phospholipid bilayer. The cell membrane controls which substances enter and leave the cell, and also separates the interior of the cell from its external environment
Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts are one of the most important types of plant cell organelle, as they are the site of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process by which light energy from the sun is used to convert carbon dioxide and water molecules into glucose, and is how plants produce food.
The Cell Wall
Plant cells are surrounded by a tough structure called the cell wall, which is found outside of the cell membrane and is mainly made of cellulose. The cell wall supports and protects plant cells, giving them their characteristic rectangular or box-like shape.
The Vacuole
The vacuole is a very large organelle that can occupy up to 90% of the interior space of plant cells. One of its key functions is storage. The vacuole is filled with cell sap, which consists mainly of water but also contains proteins, sugars, and other molecules. Another function of the vacuole is to maintain turgor pressure, which helps the plant cell to keep its shape and prevents wilting and bursting.