can you identify and explain the parts and functions of fish
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can you identify and explain the parts and functions of fish
plss help me!!
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Answer:
Fish are animals that are cold-blooded, have fins and a backbone. Most fish have scales and breathe with gills. Approximately, 22,000 species of fish began evolving 480 million years ago. The largemouth bass illustrated above has the typical torpedo-like (fusiform) shape associated with many fishes.
Fins are appendages used by the fish to maintain its position, move, steer and stop.
Scales in most bony fishes (most freshwater fishes other than gar that have ganoid scales, and catfish which have no scales) are either ctenoid or cycloid.
In many freshwater fishes the fins are supported by spines that are rigid and may be quite sharp thus playing a defensive role. Catfish have notably hard sharp fins, of which anglers should be wary. The soft dorsal and caudal fins are composed of rays, as are portions of other fins. Rays are less rigid and frequently branched.
The gills are the breathing apparatus of fish and are highly vascularized giving them their bright red cover. An operculum (gill cover) that is a flexible bony plate that protects the sensitive gills. Water is "inhaled" through the mouth, passes over the gills and is "exhaled" from beneath the operculum.
Fish can detect color. The eyes are rounder in fish than mammals because of the refractive index of water and focus is achieved by moving the lens in and out, not reshaping the lens as in mammals.
Paired nostrils, or nares, in fish are used to detect odors in water and can be quite sensitive. Eels and catfish have particularly well developed senses of smell.
The mouth's shape is a good clue to what fish eat.
The lateral line is a sensory organ consisting of fluid filled sacs with hair-like sensory apparatus that are open to the water through a series of pores (creating a line along the side of the fish). The lateral line primarily senses water currents pand pressure, and movement in the water.
The vent is the external opening to digestive urinary and reproductive tracts. In most fish, it is immediately in front of the anal fin.
Internal Fish Anatomy
The following illustration of a largemouth bass shows some of the common internal features that are used to describe the differences between fish that are explained in more detail below.
Internal Fish Anatomy
As different as a man may be from a fish, both creatures share some fascinating similarities in basic structure and function.
Spine:
The spine is made up of numerous vertebrae, which are hollow and house and protect the delicate spinal cord.
Spinal Cord:
Connects the brain to the rest of the body and relays sensory information from the body to the brain, as well as instructions from the brain to the rest of the body.
Brain:
The control center of the fish, where both automatic functions (such as respiration) and higher behaviors ("Should I eat that critter with the spinning blades?") occur. All sensory information is processed here.
Lateral Line:
One of the fish's primary sense organs; detects underwater vibrations and is capable of determining the direction of their source.
Swim (or Air) Bladder:
A hollow, gas-filled balance organ that allows a fish to conserve energy by maintaining neutral buoyancy (suspending) in water.
Gills:
Allow a fish to breathe underwater. These are very delicate structures and should not be touched if the fish is to be released!
Kidney:
Filters liquid waste materials from the blood; these wastes are then passed out of the body.
Stomach and Intestines:
Break down (digest) food and absorb nutrients.
Pyloric Caeca:
This organ with fingerlike projections is located near the junction of the stomach and the intestines.
Vent:
The site of waste elimination from the fish's body.
Liver:
This important organ has a number of functions.
Heart:
Circulates blood throughout the body.
Gonads (Reproductive Organs):
In adult female bass, the bright orange mass of eggs is unmistakable during the spawning season, but is still usually identifiable at other times of the year.
Muscles:
Provide movement and locomotion. This is the part of the fish that is usually eaten, and composes the fillet of the fish.