Given the value of n, write the names and molecular FORMULAS of straight chain alkanes
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Given the value of n, write the names and molecular FORMULAS of straight chain alkanes
Given the value of n, write the names and molecular FORMULAS of straight chain alkanes
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ALKANES
- In Organic Chemistry, are the simplest hydrocarbon (organic) chains. Alkanes are acyclic (meaning not a ring structure) saturated hyrdrocarbon, also known as paraffins. These hydrocarbons are consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a tree structure in which all the carbon–carbon bonds are single. With a general formula of: CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
Question: Given the value of n, write the names and molecular FORMULAS of straight chain alkanes.
1. Given; If n is equal to two:
If n = 2; substituting the value of n to the general formula will give an alkane with a chemical formula of C₂H₆ - This alkane is called ETHANE
2. Given; If n is equal to four:
If n = 4; substituting the value of n to the general formula will give an alkane with a chemical formula of C₄H₁₀ - This alkane is called BUTANE
3. Given; If n is equal to five:
If n = 5; substituting the value of n to the general formula will give an alkane with a chemical formula of C₅H₁₂ - This alkane is called PENTANE
4. Given; If n is equal to seven:
If n = 7; substituting the value of n to the general formula will give an alkane with a chemical formula of C₇H₁₆ - This alkane is called HEPTANE
5. Given; If n is equal to nine:
If n = 9; substituting the value of n to the general formula will give an alkane with a chemical formula of C₉H₂₀ - This alkane is called NONANE
Naming an Alkane
1. Each alkanes are named with a prefix (starting) and a suffix (ending)
2. Use the suffix -ANE in naming an alk-ANE.
3. Use the prefix depending on the numbers of the carbon in an alkane,
use met-, eth-, prop-, and but- for number of carbons one, two, three, and four, respectively. These fisrt four prefixes derived from the names methanol, ether, propionic acid, and butyric acid. The alkanes that have 5 or more carbons are named using prefixes that indicate the number of carbons. So, pent- means 5, hex- means 6, hept- means 7, and so on.
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