introduction about graft and corruption
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Explanation:
A. INTRODUCTION
In 1988, graft and corruption in the Philippines was considered as the "biggest problem of all" by Jaime Cardinal Sin, the Archbishop of Manila. Then President Corazon C. Aquino likewise despaired that corruption has returned. In 1989, public perception was that "corrupt government officials are greater threat to the country" than the communist guerrillas. In 1992, former President Fidel V. Ramos considered graft and corruption as the third major hindrance towards attaining his development strategy for the country.
A decade later, in 1998, the country got good marks from Transparency International and the Political and Economic Risk Consultancy (PERC), LTD. The Philippines then placed 6th out of the 11 Asian countries…show more content…
Extortion
This is done by government officials against their clients by demanding money, valuable items, or services from ordinary citizens who transact business with them or with their office. This is rampant in agencies issuing clearances and other documents, those involved in the recruitment of personnel, or those performing services that directly favor ordinary citizens.
“Tong” or Protection Money
This is a form of bribery which is done by citizens performing illegal activities and operations. They deliver huge amount of money to government officials particularly to those in-charge of enforcing the law in exchange for unhampered illegal operation. The law enforcement officer who receives the money will be duty-bound to protect the citizen concerned together with his illegal activities from other law enforcement authorities. This is practiced mostly by gambling lords and those engaged in business without the necessary permits.
The “Lagay” system or Bribery
The “lagay” system or the act of citizens to bribe government officials occupying sensitive positions in government is perpetuated due to bureaucratic red tape. Too much paper requirements, long and arduous processing of documents, ineffective and inefficient personnel management and the absence of professionalism
What is Graft and Corruption?
GRAFT AND CORRUPTION INCLUDE BRIBERY, EXTORTION, AND NEPOTISM, AND ARE CHARACTERIZED BY THE SUBORDINATION OF PUBLIC INTERESTS TO PRIVATE AIMS AND VIOLATIONS OF THE NORMS OF DUTY AND WELFARE, ACCOMPANIED BY SECRECY, BETRAYAL, DECEPTION AND A CALLOUS DISREGARD FOR ANY CONSEQUENCES SUFFERED BY THE PUBLIC.
What is Grafting with example?
Examples: roses and fruit trees like peaches. Budwood is a stick with several buds on it that can be cut out and used for bud grafting. It is a common method of propagation for citrus trees.