1. What is meant by particle under constant velocity?
2. What is meant by particle under constant acceleration?
3. A train is traveling from City A to City B which are 60 kilometers from each other.
If the train leaves City A at 6 AM and travels at a constant speed of 60 kilometers
per hour,
a. at what time will the train arrive at City B?
b. what is the train’s speed half-way?
c. what is the train’s acceleration all throughout the journey?
A ball is given an initial velocity of 5 m/s to the right at time t = 0 s. Assume the
ball travels under constant velocity,
a. what is the velocity of the ball at time t = 5 s?
b. how far is the ball from its initial point after time t = 5 s?
5. A toy car is at rest at time t = 0 s. Assume the toy car can move under a constant
acceleration of 2 m/s2 to the right,
a. what is the velocity of the toy car at time t = 10 s?
b. how far is the toy car from its initial point after time t = 10 s?
c. how long will it take for the toy car to reach a final velocity of 20 m/s?
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Answer:
1. A particle under constant velocity moves with a constant speed along a straight line. A particle can also move with a constant speed along a curved path. This can be represented with a model of a particle under constant speed.
2.If the velocity of the particle changes at a constant rate, then this rate is called the constant acceleration. ... For example, if the velocity of a particle moving in a straight line changes uniformly (at a constant rate of change) from 2 m/s to 5 m/s over one second, then its constant acceleration is 3 m/s2.
3.A train is traveling from City A to City B which are 60 kilometers from each other.
If the train leaves City A at 6 AM and travels at a constant speed of 60 kilometers
per hour,
a. at what time will the train arrive at City B?
b. what is the train’s speed half-way?
c. what is the train’s acceleration all throughout the journey?
4.You might guess that the greater the acceleration of, say, a car moving away from a stop sign, the greater the car’s displacement in a given time. But, we have not developed a specific equation that relates acceleration and displacement. In this section, we look at some convenient equations for kinematic relationships, starting from the definitions of displacement, velocity, and acceleration. We first investigate a single object in motion, called single-body motion. Then we investigate the motion of two objects, called two-body pursuit problems.
Notation
First, let us make some simplifications in notation. Taking the initial time to be zero, as if time is measured with a stopwatch, is a great simplification. Since elapsed time is
Δ
t
=
t
f
−
t
0
, taking
t
0
=
0
means that
Δ
t
=
t
f
, the final time on the stopwatch. When initial time is taken to be zero, we use the subscript 0 to denote initial values of position and velocity. That is,
x
0
is the initial position and
v
0
is the initial velocity. We put no subscripts on the final values. That is, t is the final time, x is the final position, and v is the final velocity. This gives a simpler expression for elapsed time,
Δ
t
=
t
. It also simplifies the expression for x displacement, which is now
Δ
x
=
x
−
x
0
. Also, it simplifies the expression for change in velocity, which is now
Δ
v
=
v
−
v
0
. To summarize, using the simplified notation, with the initial time taken to be zero,
Δ
t
=
t
Δ
x
=
x
−
x
0
Δ
v
=
v
−
v
0
,
where the subscript 0 denotes an initial value and the absence of a subscript denotes a final value in whatever motion is under consideration.
We now make the important assumption that acceleration is constant. This assumption allows us to avoid using calculus to find instantaneous acceleration. Since acceleration is constant, the average and instantaneous accelerations are equal—that is,
–
a
=
a
=
constant
.
Explanation:
Answer:
1.)A particle under constant velocity moves with a constant speed along a straight line. A particle can also move with a constant speed along a curved path. This can be represented with a model of a particle under constant speed.
2.)If the velocity of the particle changes at a constant rate, then this rate is called the constant acceleration. ... For example, if the velocity of a particle moving in a straight line changes uniformly (at a constant rate of change) from 2 m/s to 5 m/s over one second, then its constant acceleration is 3 m/s2.
Explanation:
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