9. Refer to table below. When the same force is applied to both male American dog and the female Asian dog, their
acceleration is different. Why?
Dog's Acceleration
Force (N)
Mass (kg)
Acceleration (m/s2)
Male American dog
2,500
0.36
Female American dog
2,400
3,600
0.67
Male Asian dog
2,600
5,400
0.48
Female Asian dog
4,160
0.60
A. The male American dog has less mass
C. Male and female dogs have different heights
B. The male American dog has more mass D. The female Asian dog has probably eaten more
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Law of Acceleration
B. The male American dog has more mass.
Explanation:
When the same force is applied to both the male American dog and the female Asian dog, the acceleration is different due to the differences in the mass of the two dogs. Specifically, the male American dog has a greater mass as compared to the female Asian dog.
According to Newton's second law of motion or the law of acceleration, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. Given that the same amount of force is applied to objects, the greater the mass, the lesser the acceleration, and the lesser the mass, the greater the acceleration of the object.
The law of acceleration can be described mathematically using the formula, F=ma. Using the data on the table and the formula, we can compute the mass of the male American dog as shown below:
Given:
F = 2, 500 N
a = 0.36
m = ?
Solution:
F = ma
m =
m =
m = 6,944.44 kg
Based on the computation, the mass of male American dog is 6,944.44 which is greater than that of female Asian dog (4,160kg). Thus, male American dog will have less acceleration as compared to female Asian dog.
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